Extend linux partition on vmware

It was a quiet day, I worked as System Administrator and installed Oracle Linux on Virtual Machine guest. After installed Operating System, I wanted to extend disk on guest. So, I extended disk on guest. Anyway, I came back in my head what I was supposed to do on Linux then ? 

- Create new disk (and Physical Volume) and then add in Volume Group.

http://surachartopun.com/2012/01/just-add-disk-to-volume-group-linux.html

Checked my partition:

[root@mytest01 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 697.9 GB, 697932185600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 84852 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00061d87
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             131       78326   628096000   8e  Linux LVM
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  PV Size               599.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              153343
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          153343
  PV UUID               AcujnG-5XVc-TWWl-O4Oe-Nv03-rJtc-b5jUlW

I thought I should be able to extend (resize) /dev/sda2 - Found out on the Internet, get some example.

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/42857/how-to-extend-centos-5-partition-on-vmware

- Extend Physical Volume (Chose this idea)
Started to do it: Idea is Deleting/Recreating/run "pvresize".

[root@mytest01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 697.9 GB, 697932185600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 84852 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00061d87
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             131       78326   628096000   8e  Linux LVM
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 697.9 GB, 697932185600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 84852 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00061d87
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (131-84852, default 131):
Using default value 131
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (131-84852, default 84852):
Using default value 84852
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 697.9 GB, 697932185600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 84852 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00061d87
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             131       84852   680524090   83  Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
 0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris
 1  FAT12           39  Plan 9          82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      3c  PartitionMagic  83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       40  Venix 80286     84  OS/2 hidden C:  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32m 85="" boot="" br="" c7="" extended="" inux="" nbsp="" prep="" yrinx=""> 5  Extended        42  SFS             86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data
 6  FAT16           4d  QNX4.x          87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS       4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility
 8  AIX             4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt
 9  AIX bootable    50  OnTrack DM      93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O
 b  W95 FAT32       52  CP/M            9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a0  IBM Thinkpad hi eb  BeOS fs
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a5  FreeBSD         ee  GPT
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55  EZ-Drive        a6  OpenBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
10  OPUS            56  Golden Bow      a7  NeXTSTEP        f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
11  Hidden FAT12    5c  Priam Edisk     a8  Darwin UFS      f1  SpeedStor
12  Compaq diagnost 61  SpeedStor       a9  NetBSD          f4  SpeedStor
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 63="" ab="" arwin="" boot="" br="" f2="" hurd="" nbsp="" or="" secondary="" sys="">16  Hidden FAT16    64  Novell Netware  af  HFS / HFS+      fb  VMware VMFS
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 65  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE
18  AST SmartSleep  70  DiskSecure Mult b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT
1e  Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 2 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 697.9 GB, 697932185600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 84852 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00061d87
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         131     1048576   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             131       84852   680524090   8e  Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks. 

-- I chose to "Reboot" :-) --

[root@mytest01 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  PV Size               599.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              153343
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          153343
  PV UUID               AcujnG-5XVc-TWWl-O4Oe-Nv03-rJtc-b5jUlW
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvresize /dev/sda2
  Physical volume "/dev/sda2" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  PV Size               599.00 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              153343
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          153343
  PV UUID               AcujnG-5XVc-TWWl-O4Oe-Nv03-rJtc-b5jUlW
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# reboot
.
.
.
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  PV Size               599.00 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              153343
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          153343
  PV UUID               AcujnG-5XVc-TWWl-O4Oe-Nv03-rJtc-b5jUlW
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvresize  /dev/sda2
  Physical volume "/dev/sda2" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  PV Size               649.00 GiB / not usable 1.31 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              166143
  Free PE               12800
  Allocated PE          153343
  PV UUID               AcujnG-5XVc-TWWl-O4Oe-Nv03-rJtc-b5jUlW

Note: This case I had 2 partitions (/dev/sda1, /dev/sda2). So, it was a good idea extending Physical Disk. However, I thought creating physical volume and adding in Volume Group, that might be safer. 

Finally, I had VolGroup0 with new size, then extended Logical Volume.

[root@mytest01 ~]# df -h /u02
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV  460G   70M  437G   1% /u02
[root@mytest01 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/VolGroup0/U02LV
  LV Name                U02LV
  VG Name                VolGroup0
  LV UUID                8Gdt6C-ZXQe-dPYi-21yj-Fs0i-6uvE-vzrCbc
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time mytest01.pythian.com, 2014-09-21 16:43:50 -0400
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                467.00 GiB
  Current LE             119551
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:2

[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               VolGroup0
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  7
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                4
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               649.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              166143
  Alloc PE / Size       153343 / 599.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       12800 / 50.00 GiB
  VG UUID               thGxdJ-pCi2-18S0-mrZc-cCJM-2SH2-JRpfQ5
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# -- Should use "e2fsck" in case resize (shrink). This case no need.
[root@mytest01 ~]# e2fsck -f  /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV 
e2fsck 1.43-WIP (20-Jun-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV: 11/30605312 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 1971528/122420224 blocks
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/sda2   VG VolGroup0   lvm2 [649.00 GiB / 50.00 GiB free]
  Total: 1 [649.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [649.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# lvextend -L +50G /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV
  Extending logical volume U02LV to 517.00 GiB
  Logical volume U02LV successfully resized
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]#  resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV
resize2fs 1.43-WIP (20-Jun-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV to 135527424 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV is now 135527424 blocks long.
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]#
[root@mytest01 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/VolGroup0/U02LV
  LV Name                U02LV
  VG Name                VolGroup0
  LV UUID                8Gdt6C-ZXQe-dPYi-21yj-Fs0i-6uvE-vzrCbc
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time mytest01.pythian.com, 2014-09-21 16:43:50 -0400
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                517.00 GiB
  Current LE             132351
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:2
[root@mytest01 ~]#

[root@mytest01 ~]# df -h /u02
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup0-U02LV  509G   70M  483G   1% /u02

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/ext4grow.html

Note: resize2fs can use online, If the filesystem is mounted, it  can  be  used  to expand  the size of the mounted filesystem, assuming the kernel supports on-line resizing.  (As of this writing, the Linux 2.6 kernel supports on-line resize for filesystems mounted using ext3 and ext4.).

Look like today, I learned too much about linux partitioning.